Fundamentals of Modern Governments Unit I: Introduction to Modern Governments 1. Meaning and Concept of Government Government is a central concept in Political Science and refers to the institutional mechanism through which authority and power are exercised within a state. It is the organized body that formulates public policies, enforces laws, and resolves disputes in society. While the state is a permanent political association, the government is its temporary and dynamic agent. Scholars emphasize that government is not merely a collection of rulers, but a system of institutions created to achieve collective goals, maintain order, and ensure justice. Standard Definitions: J.W. Garner defines government as “the agency through which the will of the state is formulated, expressed, and realized.” This definition highlights the functional role of government as the executor of state authority. Woodrow Wilson views government as “the organization of the common power which enables...

Unit I: Introduction to Modern Governments 1. Meaning and Concept of Government Government is a central concept in Political Science and refers to the institutional mechanism through which authority and power are exercised within a state. It is the organized body that formulates public policies, enforces laws, and resolves disputes in society. While the   state   is a permanent political association, the   government   is its temporary and dynamic agent. Scholars emphasize that government is not merely a collection of rulers, but a system of institutions created to achieve collective goals, maintain order, and ensure justice. Standard Definitions: J.W. Garner   defines government as   “the agency through which the will of the state is formulated, expressed, and realized.”   This definition highlights the functional role of government as the executor of state authority. Woodrow Wilson   views government as   “the organization of the common pow...